Leap Back In Time
At Any Age 

​

DISCLAIMER: The following information is to provide information on the current industry of exosomes. RESILIÉLLE Age-Zero Exosomes are ONLY to be used as a topical cosmetic serum for revitalization of skin, scalp and hair. RESILIÉLLE Exosomes are not intended for medical use. Exosomes used for medical purposes are considered a biologic drug and at this time FDA has NOT approved any Exosomes with a Biologic  License to be used and marketed as a Drug. RESILIÉLLE Exosomes are a Cosmetic Topical use only product.

​

​

What Are Exosomes?

Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles that are released by cells, involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes including cell-to-cell communication, antigen presentation, and signal transduction, to name a few. They play an important role in intercellular communication within the body. Exosomes have been found to contain nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, growth factors, cytokines and other functional molecules, making them a potent vehicle for delivering such important molecules to other cells.

​

Exosome Potency

RESILIÉLLE is manufactured using Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs), harvested from a single umbilical cord per batch of Exosomes. WJ-MSCs are never copied from a cell bank but are expanded at low passage to meet best-in-class ISSCR standards

​

Exosome Mode of Action

Exosomes act within the body by carrying and transferring molecules between cells. They also play a role in immune responses, helping to regulate inflammation and orchestrate the body’s response to pathogens. Exosomes are increasinly being researched in the diagnosis of various diseases, as they contain markers that can help to diagnose or monitor a particular disease state. Additionally, exosomes are being studied by researchers for their potential therapeutic use, as exogenous exosomes loaded with different molecules may be used to deliver treatments directly to target cells. Most notably though, scientist are finding that exosomes may be an important part of the body's communication system and play a crucial role in intercellular communication. In addition, exosomes may also affect their target cells indirectly by influencing the microenvironment. Overall, exosomes are an important biochemical component that have a range of potential applications. (Disclaimer: RESILIÉLLE exosomes are for topical cosmetic use only)

​

​

Characterization of Exosome 

The characterization of exosomes, especially those derived from human stem cells, is a complex process. Various techniques such as flow cytometry, electron microscopy, mass spectrometry and gel-electrophoresis have been used to characterize exosomes. These techniques can help to identify exosomes based on their size, surface markers and contents, as well as provide insight into exosomal biogenesis.

​

Exosomes are morphologically characterized by size (30-150 nm in diameter), shape (spherical or ring) and protein/lipid composition. They can be further identified by a range of surface markers, including tetraspanins (CD9, CD63, CD81) and heat shock proteins (HSP70). Additionally, exosomes can also be distinguished from other vesicles based on their unique membrane lipids, such as phosphatidylserine and cholesterol.

• CD9 is a transmembrane glycoprotein that plays a critical role in exosome biogenesis and function. It helps exosomes to acquire essential characteristics, enabling them to interact more efficiently with their cellular environments. CD9 also facilitates exosomal cargo sorting and secretion, as well as exosomal trafficking. In addition, CD9 is involved in exosome-mediated intercellular communication, as it facilitates exosomes' fusion with cellular membranes and endocytic uptake. As such, CD9 plays a pivotal role in exosome characterization and function.

• CD63 is one of the most commonly used exosome surface markers and plays an important role in exosomal characterization. CD63 (or tetraspanin-3) is of particular importance as this membrane glycoprotein plays a vital role in exosome biogenesis, acting as an exosomal marker for exosomes released from most cell types. In addition, CD63 is involved in facilitating exosome uptake by recipient cells, and as such, has been widely studied to determine how exosomes are taken up by target cells. Its expression on exosomal membranes allows for improved identification and targeting of exosomes. CD63 is involved in both exosomal biogenesis and exosome-mediated cell-cell communication, indicating its importance in exosomal biology. Therefore, exosome surface markers such as CD63 are essential for exosome characterization.

• CD81 is a cell surface glycoprotein that plays an integral role in exosome formation and exosome-mediated cellular communication. CD81 is part of the tetraspanin family of proteins, which has the ability to interact with other molecules on the exosomal membrane to regulate exosome biogenesis, exosomal targeting and exosomal protein content. It has been demonstrated that CD81 is expressed on exosomes from different cell types, including stem cells. Furthermore, CD81 can be used to characterize exosomes for size and protein content, allowing for a better understanding of exosomal function. In addition, CD81 can be used to distinguish exosomes from other vesicles of similar size, making it useful for exosome isolation and purification. Overall, CD81 is an important exosome surface marker that can be used for exosome characterization and isolation.